Our work focuses on the molecular physiology and pathophysiology of sound encoding at the hair cell ribbon synapse and its restoration. We have physiologically and morphologically characterized synapses of wild-type and mutant mice with defects in hair cell synaptic coding from the molecular to the systems level. This way we have contributed to the understanding of structure and function of the hair cell ribbon synapse and initiated the concept of auditory synaptopathy. Molecular dissection and detailed physiological characterization of ribbon synapse function employ a spectrum of molecular, biophysical and physiological techniques. Towards restoration of hearing we pursue the following lines of research: optogenetic stimulation of cochlea and development of an optical cochlear implant and gene replacement therapy. For more information, please also see here.